星空传媒

They are fundamentally the same. To all intents and purposes they all describe a group of suppliers working in a collaborative manner with the objective of achieving performance improvements from project to project. Any problems that arise during a project are dealt with co-operatively, on the basis that the client and the contractor have the shared objective of achieving superior project performance over a number of projects.
As a result, all parties deliver lower costs and improved quality without squeezing each other's profit margins. Steady profits then provide the basis for investment in improved products and processes, and a virtuous circle of continuous improvement is established.